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Bing, L and Tiong, R L K (1999) Risk Management Model for International Construction Joint Ventures. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 125(05), 377–84.

Conley, M A and Gregory, R A (1999) Partnering on Small Construction Projects. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 125(05), 320–4.

Faniran, O O, Love, P E D and Li, H (1999) Optimal Allocation of Construction Planning Resources. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 125(05), 311–9.

Jahren, C T, Ellsworth, B J and Bergeson, K (1999) Constructability Test for Cold In-Place Asphalt Recycling. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 125(05), 325–9.

Karim, A and Adeli, H (1999) CONSCOM: An OO Construction Scheduling and Change Management System. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 125(05), 368–76.

Karim, A and Adeli, H (1999) OO Information Model for Construction Project Management. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 125(05), 361–7.

Lee, H and Yi, K J (1999) Application of Mathematical Matrix to Integrate Project Schedule and Cost. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 125(05), 339–46.

Li, H, Cao, J and Love, P E D (1999) Using Machine Learning and GA to Solve Time-Cost Trade-Off Problems. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 125(05), 347–53.

Mitropoulos, P and Tatum, C B (1999) Technology Adoption Decisions in Construction Organizations. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 125(05), 330–8.

Shi, J J (1999) Activity-Based Construction (ABC) Modeling and Simulation Method. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 125(05), 354–60.

Thomas, H R and Završki, I (1999) Construction Baseline Productivity: Theory and Practice. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 125(05), 295–303.

Tommelein, I D, Riley, D R and Howell, G A (1999) Parade Game: Impact of Work Flow Variability on Trade Performance. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 125(05), 304–10.

  • Type: Journal Article
  • Keywords:
  • ISBN/ISSN: 0733-9364
  • URL: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9364(1999)125:5(304)
  • Abstract:
    The Parade Game illustrates the impact work flow variability has on the performance of construction trades and their successors. The game consists of simulating a construction process in which resources produced by one trade are prerequisite to work performed by the next trade. Production-level detail, describing resources being passed from one trade to the next, illustrates that throughput will be reduced, project completion delayed, and waste increased by variations in flow. The game shows that it is possible to reduce waste and shorten project duration by reducing the variability in work flow between trades. Basic production management concepts are thus applied to construction management. They highlight two shortcomings of using the critical-path method for field-level planning: The critical-path method makes modeling the dependence of ongoing activities between trades or with operations unwieldy and it does not explicitly represent variability. The Parade Game can be played in a classroom setting either by hand or using a computer. Computer simulation enables students to experiment with numerous alternatives to sharpen their intuition regarding variability, process throughput, buffers, productivity, and crew sizing. Managers interested in schedule compression will benefit from understanding work flow variability's impact on succeeding trade performance.